There are various phenomena, which are based on refraction such as the apparent bending of an object that is partially submerged in water, and the mirages observed in a hot, sandy desert. ![]() The incident ray, the refracted ray and normal ray at the interface of any two given medium, all lie in the same plane.The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence and the sine of the angle of refraction is constant in any two given medium.This implies that denser the medium the slow is the speed of light, and vice versa. It determines the speed of a ray of light in the new medium. The Refractive index is the ratio of the angle of incidence to the angle of refraction. It refers to the shift in direction and speed of the beam of light waves, because of the change in the transmission medium. Refraction is the phenomenon of light, in which the wave is diverted when it passes diagonally through the interface between two media of different densities. Irregular reflection: Irregular reflection also termed as diffuse reflection, which occurs when the beam of light falls on the rough surface and reflects light in various directions. Regular reflection: Regular reflection is also termed as specular reflection, which occurs when the beam of light falls on a regular, polished, and smooth plane. The ray of incidence, the ray of reflection, and the normal drawn at the point of incidence, to the mirror, occurs on the same plane.The angle of incidence is identical to the angle of reflection.It changes the direction of the beam of light when it falls on the plane so that the ray goes back to the medium, in which it is generated. In simple terms, reflection implies the rebounding of light, sound, heat, or another object back to the source, without absorbing it. In refraction, the angle of reflection and angle of incidence are not the same.Īs we have seen the difference between reflection and refraction, let us now discuss some more details regarding reflection and refraction. The angle of reflection and angle of incidence is the same in the case of reflection. The angle of Reflection And Angle of Incidence The medium in which light propagates remains the same. The speed of light varies with the medium in which the ray undergoes bending. When a light ray strikes the boundary of a shiny surface the speed of light ray does not vary. In this process, light changes path i.e travels from one medium to another. ![]() In this process, light bounces back and returns back in the same direction. There are two forms of reflection, they are, Regular reflection (Specular reflection) and Diffused reflection. This occurs in transparent surfaces that allow bending of the ray to a different medium. Generally occurs on shinny surfaces that only allow rebounding of light without permitting penetration through it. Refraction is the bending of light rays when it travels from one medium to another. ![]() ![]() Reflection is the bouncing back of light when it strikes a smooth surface. The important difference between reflection and refraction: Parameters Furthermore, the height of the receiver above the earth's surface may no longer be assumed to be a negligibly small fraction of a wavelength, when the latter is only a metre or two.Difference between reflection and refraction For example, at long wavelengths, the conductivity of the earth may be assumed to be infinitely great for analytical purposes, but as the wave-length is reduced through and below 10m., the actual value of the conductivity and also the dielectric constant of the soil over which the waves are propagated has an important influence on the field strength at a distance from the source. Watson in 1918, but this analysis involved assumptions which, while perfectly valid for the long and medium waves then in use for radio communication, are not justifiable for the ultra-short waves now being considered. The solution of the problem of the diffraction of electric waves around the earth was first given on a sound basis by G. in wave-length has given a new stimulus to the problem of calculating the field strength at distances from the transmitter such that the ionosphere is of negligible influence. THE increasing application to various radio purposes of ultra-short electric waves of less than 10 m.
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